# 与 “sad” 相关的派生词列表 | 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 核心含义 | 构词逻辑 | 典型例句 | | ----------- | -------------------- | ---- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | sad | [sæd] | adj. | 悲伤的，难过的；（事物）令人难过的 | 核心词，无派生 | She felt sad when she heard the bad news. | | sadly | [ˈsædli] | adv. | 悲伤地；遗憾地，不幸地 | sad（悲伤的）+ ly（副词后缀） | Sadly, we couldn’t attend the wedding. / He shook his head sadly. | | sadness | [ˈsædnəs] | n. | 悲伤，忧伤（抽象名词，表悲伤的情绪或状态） | sad（悲伤的）+ ness（抽象名词后缀） | Her eyes were filled with sadness. / The film is full of sadness. | | sadden | [ˈsædn] | v. | （使）悲伤，（使）难过 | sad（悲伤的）+ en（动词后缀，表 “使成为”） | The bad news saddened everyone. / Her heart saddened at the thought. | | sadistic | [səˈdɪstɪk] | adj. | 施虐狂的；有虐待倾向的（指从伤害、折磨他人中获得快感） | sad（引申为 “使人痛苦”）+ ist + ic（形容词后缀） | He had a sadistic streak that made others fear him. | | sadism | [ˈseɪdɪzəm] | n. | 施虐癖，施虐狂（心理学术语，指从伤害他人中获得快感的心理或行为） | sadistic（施虐狂的）+ ism（名词后缀，表 “心理 / 行为”） | The novel explores themes of power and sadism. | | sadder | [ˈsædə(r)] | adj. | sad 的比较级，意为 “更悲伤的，更难过的” | sad + er（比较级后缀） | Today is even sadder than yesterday. / She looked sadder than before. | | saddest | [ˈsædɪst] | adj. | sad 的最高级，意为 “最悲伤的，最难过的” | sad + est（最高级后缀） | This is the saddest story I’ve ever heard. / It was the saddest day of her life. | | sad-looking | [ˌsæd ˈlʊkɪŋ] | adj. | 看起来悲伤的（形容人或事物的外观传递出悲伤感） | sad（悲伤的）+ looking（表 “看起来… 的” 后缀） | The sad-looking child sat alone on the bench. | | sad-hearted | [ˌsæd ˈhɑːtɪd] | adj. | 心情悲伤的，内心难过的（侧重 “内心的悲伤状态”） | sad（悲伤的）+ hearted（表 “有… 心情的” 后缀） | She remained sad-hearted for weeks after her pet died. | | sad sack | [ˌsæd ˈsæk] | n. | （口语，非正式）悲观的人，总是闷闷不乐的人（带有轻微调侃意味） | sad（悲伤的）+ sack（俚语中表 “人”，固定搭配） | Don’t be such a sad sack—things will get better! | #### 思维导图